• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Spraying System Apparatus for electrostatic spraying of liquid agrochemical formulations from a vehicle comprising container coupling means for receiving a container for said liquid; at least one sprayhead for discharging said liquid; a liquid delivery system for conveying liquid from the container via the coupling means to the sprayhead; and flow control means for said delivery system, said flow control means being responsive to signal means carried on the container. Also, spray containers for use in such apparatus.
    公开号:SU1099829A3
    申请号:SU823393299
    申请日:1982-02-11
    公开日:1984-06-23
    发明作者:Алан Коффи Рональд；Чарльз Беннетт Питер；Эрик Хаутон Леонард；Чарльз Джонсон Грэхэм
    申请人:Империал Кемикал Индастриз Плс (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    2. The device according to claim 1, about tl and often because it contains a diluent reservoir connected to a fluid supply system.
    3. The device according to PP, 1 and 2, is extended so that, in order to regulate the flow rate, it contains a pump of variable capacity.
    4. The device according to claim 1, about tl and that, in order to detect a malfunction, each sprayer is equipped with an electric sensor connected to the signal
    means located on the vehicle.
    5. The device according to claim 4, wherein the electrical sensor comprises means for controlling the voltage drop on a strong resistance connected in series with the electrode through the spray gun.
    6. The device according to claim 4, wherein the electrical sensor comprises a transistor responsive to the electric field of the atomizer.
    This invention relates to spray systems for applying agricultural chemicals, such as pesticides, to the soil, crops or weeds.
    Electrostatic sprayers are known, the action of which is based on the effect of electrostatic precipitation using an active substance, for example, a herbicide dissolved in water or oil lj.
    . However, the devices do not provide the necessary uniformity of spraying and safety in operation.
    An electrostatic device for spraying liquid agrochemical compositions from a vehicle is known, including a container, means for mounting it on a vehicle, a pump, a system for supplying liquid from a container, an electrostatic spray bar and a high-voltage power source 2.
    A disadvantage of the known device is that it does not ensure the safety of the operator in certain cases of filling the tank with a concentrated pesticidal composition.
    In addition, operators can make mistakes when diluting the pesticide, resulting in uneven chemical deposition at the facility.
    The aim of the invention is to ensure uniform spraying of the plants and the safety of the operator's work, control of the consumption rate and detection of a malfunction.
    The goal is achieved by the fact that the electrostatic device for spraying liquid agrochemical compounds from a vehicle, including a container, devices for mounting it on a vehicle, a pump, a system for supplying liquid from a container, an electrostatic spray bar and a high-voltage power source, is equipped with means for regulating fluid flow, installed in the system of supplying liquid to the sprayers, and signaling means with contacts installed on the container and nsportnom means, wherein the container is removably v.sholnen, and flow control means and sprayers are .kontakty associated with signaling means contacts the container and vehicle.
    The device contains a diluent reservoir connected to a fluid supply system, as well as a variable pump.
    In addition, each nebulizer is provided with an electrical sensor connected to a signaling device located on the vehicle, the sensor comprising means for controlling the voltage drop on the drain resistance connected in series with the electrode through the nebulizer, as well as a transistor responsive to the electric field of the nebulizer. FIG. 1 is a diagram of an electrostatic device; in fig. 2 - pa a pshitel, vertical section; in fig. 3 - device diagram, option; in fig. 4 is a circuit for determining the malfunction of the sprayer; in fig. 5 the same, option. An electrostatic device is mounted on a vehicle (not shown). The device comprises a removable container 1, a device for mounting the container on the transport medium, consisting of a screw connection 2 to be clamped on the neck of the container 1, is designed to receive a seal that cannot be sucked for liquid with the corresponding screw connection 3, a metered pump 4, liquids with a spray bar 6 and nozzles 7 surrounded by ring electrodes 8. The body of each spray gun is made of electrically conductive plastic and through pins 9 electrically connected to the box 10, which through the high voltage terminals 11 is connected to the high voltage output terminal 12 of the high voltage power source - generator 13. The generator 13 is fed by a battery 14 (12V) of the transport vehicle. The device contains C15 units for controlling the flow of liquids and signaling devices consisting of a switch 15, contacts 16–23, resistances 24–7, containers 28 and 29 metering pumps 30 and 3l (Fig. 3). The atomizer (Fig. 2) consists of a nozzle 32, an outer hollow cylinder 33, an internal power cylinder 34, an outlet 35. The device (Fig. 3) has a diluent reservoir 36 for supplying the diluent through a valve 37 and a pump 38. Each dispenser It is equipped with an electric sensor consisting of a terminal 39, a large resistance 40, means 41 for detecting a voltage drop across the resistance,. control circuits 42, a signal light 43. The atomizer (FIG. 5) consists of a probe 44, transistors 43, a comparison circuit 46, and a signal light 47. The device operates as follows. The positive pole of the battery - the switch 15 is connected to the contact 16 placed on the vehicle. This contact adheres to pin 17 on the container, which is connected via a variable resistance 24 to pin 18 on the container adjacent to pin 19 placed on the vehicle. By means of the output 48, the contact 19 is connected to the input terminal of the generator 13. With the help of a similar device, the pump 4 is powered by the battery 14 through the container. The output 54 supplies current from the battery 14 through the switch 15 to the contact 20 located on the vehicle. This contact is adjacent to the contact 2i on the container, which is connected via a variable resistance 25 to the contact. 22 on the container adjacent to the contact 23 on the vehicle. Terminal 49 connects contact 23 to pump 4. The container is filled with the appropriate composition of an organic liquid pesticide, and also sealed in safe factory conditions. The variable resistances 24 and 25 are set to values corresponding to the liquid in the container. This is done in such a way as to exclude the possibility of changing the setting by the consumer, for example, the resistances 24 and 25 can be adjusted only from the inside of the container. In the area where it is necessary to spray, the container is placed on the vehicle, depressurized, and connected to the fluid supply system 5 through connections 2 and 3, while four sets of contacts 16–23 are installed. Then the vehicle starts spraying the crops, and the switch 15 closes. The pump 4 and the generator 13 are actuated, and the output signal of both is adjusted to a predetermined value by adjusting the current supplied to them, which is a function of the regulated and the resistances 24 and 25. The fluid is supplied to the nozzles 7 by the pump 4, where it is charged due to direct contact with the potential formed by the generator 13. The dispersed liquid of the nozzles 7 is divided into electric charge drops under the action of the electrostatic field between the nozzles 7 and the grounded electrodes 8 and is attracted to processable plants. The contents of the container (Fig. 1) are sprayed without diluent. Dilution takes place in the device (Fig. 3), however this is done automatically without the need for manual mixing and subsequent danger of single or unfortunate incidents. The device (FIG. 3) comprises a reservoir 36 for an oil diluent (for example, diesel fuel) for supplying a diluent through a valve 37 to a pump 38 3 driven by a vehicle. Containers 28 and 29 are similar to container 1, contain concentrated formulations of an organic liquid pesticide, and are connected via connections 50 and 51 to metering pumps 30 and 31, designed to directly press 5 {pesticide into the diluent stream at locations 52 and 53, from where the diluted pesticide composition is fed to the rod 6 with electrostatic nebulizers 7 (FIG. 1). The nozzles 7 are connected to one high-voltage terminal of the generator 13, operating on battery 14. If necessary, means can be used to control the output voltage of the generator 13. The metering pumps 30 and 31 are also powered by battery 14 through variable resistances mounted on containers 29 and 28 "In addition, the battery 14 feeds the pump 4. The rate of consumption of pesticides from containers 28 and 29 is regulated by the current from pumps 30 and 31, which in turn are controlled by adjusting the resistances 26 and 27 without the need for lnyh Formulations for spray two different incompatible pesticides flows from containe ers 28 and 29 migut be directed into separate raspshiteli. The device (FIG. 3) contains a separate diluent source and can be used to flush the sand of the ticide from the nozzles and the fluid supply system using a pure diluent. In this way, the systems are cleaned to be reused with various pesticides. Such flushing can be done automatically. In the proposed device, it is not necessary to measure the flow of the fluid supply system by means of signaling means mounted on the container, the latter being used, for example, to deflate the initial value for the flow rate corresponding to the standard speed of the vehicle. In this case, means may be provided for recording the actual speed of the vehicle and changing the consumption rate as compared to the standard to compensate for fluctuations in the speed of movement so that the amount of pesticide supplied per unit area remains constant throughout the entire range of speeds of movement. The speed can be recorded from the wheel's rotational speed by Doppler sound or radar measurements. In addition, means can be provided to change the standard consumption rate by the operator under exceptional circumstances, for example, when the culture is heavily infected with pests, and the consumption rate should be 150-200% compared to the still life, or weakly infected, and the consumption rate is 50-75%. Means may be provided to detect faults in electrostatic atomizers (Fig. 4). In pin 39, which supplies a high potential from the generator 13 to the diverter 7, a large resistance 40 is turned on (for example, 1 mΩ). The means 41 are pre-defined for registering the voltage drop across the resistance. When using a voltage of approximately charging a liquid of about 2A per injector, the voltage drop across the resistor 40 is 2 V. If the sprayer is completely or partially blocked, the current supply is stopped or reduced and, accordingly, the voltage drops. If a short circuit occurs, i.e., the nebulizer m1g 7 and the grounded electrode 8, the current and voltage increase. For this purpose, the control circuit 42 for comparing the voltage drop detected by the detection means 41 with the standard limits and, if these parameters are exceeded, the control circuit 42 lights the warning light in the driver's cab. This indicates that one sprayer does not work correctly. In mechanical spraying systems, clogging of the sprayer can remain imperceptible for a long time and lead to loss of crop yields due to the impossibility of introducing the correct amount of pesticide. Another possible means of detecting faults (Fig. 5) comprises a probe 44 located adjacent to the spray nozzle 7, having a charge that depends on the charge of the liquid supplied through the nozzle 7. This charge is recorded by the transistor 45 reacting to the field (high input impedance). Comparison circuit 46 is designed to compare the charge recorded by the transistor 45 with the corresponding range of standard values, and if the range exceeds the limit, the circuit lights the signal lamp 47 in the driver's cab. In this case, locking the sprayer reduces the charge on the probe 44, as well as any decrease in the voltage applied to the sprayer 7.
    If necessary, the signals of the detector means (Fig. 4 or 5, or both) can be combined, and means can be provided that are sensitive to changes in the combined signal to regulate the flow in the supply system as long as the combined signal is within specified limits. On the other hand, means sensitive to such changes can be used to control the voltage from the high voltage system as long as the specified signal is within the specified limits.
    An additional precautionary measure that prevents the container from being refilled with oViepaTopoM concentrated toxic material under potentially hazardous conditions is the presence of a device on the container that prevents refilling, which is repositioned at the factory after using the container, for example, a fuse at the bottom of the container that overheats and burns when it is not covered by liquid. This may be a more complex device, such as changing the flow rate of a container, which, after using the container, sends a signal to the signaling means to turn off the controls of the supply system.
    TaKiiM therefore, the proposed device allows the operator to be safe from the toxic effects of pesticides and to improve the uniformity of chemical deposition on the treated object.
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    FIG. 2
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    Z9
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    Fig.d
    .
    权利要求:
    Claims (6)
    [1]
    1. ELECTROSTATIC DEVICE FOR SPRAYING LIQUID AGRO-
    OF CHEMICAL COMPOSITIONS FROM A VEHICLE, including a container, devices for its installation on a vehicle, a pump, a system for supplying liquid from a container, a rod with electrostatic sprayers and a high-voltage power supply, characterized in that, in order to ensure uniform spraying of plants and the safety of the operator , it is equipped with means for regulating the fluid flow installed in the fluid supply system to the nebulizers, and signaling means with contacts mounted on the nteynere and a vehicle, wherein the container is removable, and the flow controlling means and sprayers have contacts connected to signaling means contacts the container and vehicle.
    SU < t 1099829
    [2]
    2. The device according to p. ^ Characterized in that it contains a diluent reservoir connected to the fluid supply system.
    [3]
    3. The device according to paragraphs. 1 and 2, characterized in that in order to regulate the flow rate, it contains a variable displacement pump.
    [4]
    4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to detect a malfunction, each atomizer is equipped with an electric sensor associated with a signal means located on the vehicle. *
    [5]
    5. The device pop. 4, characterized in that the electric sensor comprises means for regulating a voltage drop at a strong resistance connected in series with the electrode through the atomizer.
    [6]
    6. The device pop. 4, characterized in that the electric sensor comprises a transistor responsive to the electric field of the atomizer.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IE820176L|1982-08-12|
    ES509574A0|1982-12-16|
    NZ199580A|1985-09-13|
    ES8301581A1|1982-12-16|
    ZA82563B|1982-12-29|
    JPH0322221B2|1991-03-26|
    IE52901B1|1988-04-13|
    IL64980A|1985-06-30|
    JPS57159567A|1982-10-01|
    CA1187584A|1985-05-21|
    DK51982A|1982-08-13|
    HU187640B|1986-02-28|
    AU7994582A|1982-08-19|
    AU554404B2|1986-08-21|
    GR75932B|1984-08-02|
    ZW1782A1|1983-08-31|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3375901D1|1982-02-05|1988-04-14|Ici Plc|Fluid container|
    GB8529932D0|1985-12-04|1986-01-15|Sale Tilney Technology Plc|Electrostatic coating apparatus|
    JPH077878Y2|1993-02-04|1995-03-01|三也 阿曽|Grated mountain making equipment|
    GR1009301B|2015-04-06|2018-06-01|Γεωργιος Δημητριου Διτσολας|New-type spraying machine for cultivations|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    GB8104314|1981-02-12|
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